Teaching in infant and primary schools is carried out exclusively by schoolmistresses. Until recently, the position of directress of infant schools was open to all graduates of girls’ gymnasia who had studied the Froebel method.
Since September 1905, a special two-year course for head mistresses of infant schools has been established in Sofia. This course ensures that the directresses receive professional training in early childhood education.
Goals of Primary Education
The primary school aims to:
Provide children with a moral education.
Develop physical abilities.
Teach the most essential knowledge for life and citizenship.
Primary education lasts four years, divided into four divisions, each focusing on gradually increasing knowledge and skills.
School Year and Subjects
The school year begins on September 1st. In towns, it ends on June 25th, while in villages, it ends in early May.
The subjects taught in primary schools include:
Morals
Catechism
Bulgarian and ancient Bulgarian language
Civic instruction
National geography
Arithmetic
Natural history
Drawing and singing
Gymnastics
Manual work for boys
Embroidery for girls
This curriculum combines academic learning, moral development, and practical skills to prepare children for future life Istanbul City Tour.
School Organisation and Class Size
Every parish or village with more than fifty houses must have at least one primary school. Smaller hamlets and villages are considered part of a larger parish for educational purposes.
Each class division should have no more than fifty pupils, although exceptions may be made in special cases. Pupil progress is measured through annual examinations, required for the third and fourth divisions. In the first two divisions, teachers use informal talks to review and organize the knowledge children have gained.
Compulsory Education
The law makes public instruction obligatory for all children between the ages of six and twelve. This ensures that every child has access to basic education, moral guidance, and practical skills, forming a strong foundation for life and citizenship.