Among the customs of Eastern courts, the use of eunuchs was long established and widely accepted. This practice arose from the belief that strict control was necessary to preserve order, discipline, and security within royal households. Because of this concern, many Eastern princes trusted the most sensitive offices of their courts not to ordinary men, but to eunuchs, who were believed to pose no threat to family honor or dynastic stability.
In the court of the Ottoman Sultan, known as the Seraglio, eunuchs held positions of great responsibility and authority. Far from being minor servants, they were among the most powerful and respected figures within the palace Istanbul Private Tours.
The Two Chief Eunuchs of the Seraglio
There were two eunuchs above all others, each commanding a different part of the palace. The first was the Kızlar Ağa, or Chief Black Eunuch. He was responsible for the women of the Seraglio, including the Sultan’s household and the imperial harem. Because of his access to these private spaces, his position required absolute trust and loyalty. He was often consulted on important matters and enjoyed close relations with the Sultan and the Queen Mother.
The second was the Kapı Ağa, or Master of the Gate. He was a White Eunuch and held authority over the Pages and all White Eunuchs serving in the court. His office placed him in charge of discipline, order, and daily operations within the inner palace. He controlled access to the Sultan and supervised those who served closest to him.
Authority and Hierarchy
Under the Kapı Ağa were many other eunuch officers. One of the most important was the Haz Oda Başçı, commonly described as the Lord Chamberlain. He commanded the Gentlemen of the Bedchamber and managed the Sultan’s private rooms. This role required constant vigilance and careful attention to court protocol.
All eunuchs, whether Black or White, were expected to show strict obedience and discretion. Their power came not from birth or wealth, but from their service and the trust placed in them by the Sultan.
Respect and Influence
Though their condition set them apart, eunuchs often achieved high status and influence. Many accumulated wealth, built alliances, and played key roles in court politics. Their position illustrates how, in the Ottoman system, loyalty and usefulness could raise a person to honor, regardless of origin or physical condition.