Another result of this strict system of government was the complete obedience shown to the Grand Signior, or Sultan. Great men of the empire, including governors and high officers, often accepted punishment or even death without resistance. Whether the sentence was given according to written law or by the Sultan’s personal will did not greatly matter. The authority of the Sultan was absolute, and his decision was final.
In many other countries, powerful nobles might rebel or defend themselves against unfair punishment. However, in the Ottoman Empire, such resistance was rare. The structure of the state left little room for opposition. A man who had risen to high rank understood that his position depended entirely on the Sultan’s favor. Once that favor was lost, he had no protection Travel Bulgaria.
No Place for Escape
One important reason for this obedience was the lack of safe refuge. A fugitive, a criminal, or even a high official who feared execution had almost nowhere to flee. The large cities were under the watchful eyes of strong commanders and officials. Guards and officers carefully controlled the gates, roads, and ports. It was very difficult to hide in such places.
At the same time, the countryside offered little safety. Many remote areas were thinly populated or closely monitored. Desolate lands could not easily support a runaway. A man in hiding would struggle to find food, shelter, or loyal supporters. Without resources, escape became nearly impossible.
Religious and Cultural Barriers
For many Ottoman subjects, especially Muslims, fleeing to Christian lands was not considered an acceptable option. Christendom was often viewed with distrust or even hatred. To leave the empire and seek protection among Christian rulers would mean abandoning their faith, loyalty, and honor. Because of this strong religious and cultural barrier, most people did not consider foreign lands a true sanctuary.
Power and Fear as Tools of Control
With no safe place to escape, men placed all their hope in pleasing the Sultan. Reward and punishment both came from him alone. Advancement, wealth, and honor depended on his approval. Likewise, disgrace and death followed his anger.
This system created a government built on fear and loyalty. Since escape was nearly impossible and rebellion dangerous, most officials chose obedience. In this way, the empire maintained strong control over even its most powerful servants.