This work, titled “The Present State of the Ottoman Empire,” was written to explain the political, religious, and military system of the Turkish state in the seventeenth century. The book aims to give European readers a clear and organized account of how the Ottoman Empire functioned at that time. It is divided into three books, each dealing with a different aspect of Ottoman life and power.
Turkish Government and Political Principles
One of the main subjects of the book is the maxims of Turkish policy, meaning the principles by which the Ottoman state was governed. The author describes how authority was centralized under the Sultan and how loyalty, discipline, and obedience were essential to maintaining order. Government officials were chosen more for their service and ability than for noble birth. This system allowed the Empire to remain strong and efficient over a vast territory Customized Turkey Tour.
The Mahometan Religion and Its Sects
Another important section deals with the Mahometan (Islamic) religion. The author explains its main beliefs, religious laws, and daily practices. He also describes the different sects and heresies, as well as religious communities, convents, and devout followers. These details help the reader understand how religion shaped both public and private life in the Ottoman world.
Military Discipline and Armed Forces
A large part of the book is devoted to the military discipline of the Turks. The Ottoman army is presented as highly organized and well-trained. The author provides a careful calculation of Ottoman forces by land and by sea, showing why the Empire was feared by its enemies. Strict discipline, regular pay, and loyalty to the Sultan were key elements of military success.
Illustrations and Social Life
The book is illustrated with sculptures and images showing the variety of Turkish clothing and social ranks. These visual elements help readers imagine daily life in the Empire and understand the differences between soldiers, officials, religious figures, and ordinary people.
The Author and His Purpose
The author, Paul Rycaut, served as secretary to the Earl of Winchilsea, the English ambassador to Sultan Mehmed IV. After spending five years in Constantinople and travelling back to England by land, he felt it was his duty to present the knowledge he had gained. He dedicated the work to a high-ranking English statesman, expressing gratitude and respect.
Overall, this book is both a political study and a personal account. It reflects the curiosity of seventeenth-century Europe about the Ottoman Empire and remains an important historical source for understanding Turkish government, religion, and military power during that period.