Royal Mosques and Their Attached Institutions
Besides the grand buildings of the royal mosques themselves, many additional structures and facilities are connected to them. These include […]
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Appearance of Friendship Toward Christianity
In this way, the early followers of Islam seemed to create a kind of agreement with Christianity. They showed themselves
The Audience of the Earl of Winchelsea
The Earl of Winchelsea once served as ambassador to the Ottoman Empire on behalf of His Majesty. The audience he
The Special Rules of the Mamluk Order
In the Mamluk system of Egypt, strict rules controlled who could become a member of the ruling military class. A
The Sale of the Principality
The additional charges placed upon Wallachia, when the principality was sold every three years, were no less than those required
Honor and Humility in Ottoman Thought
Among the Turks, it was not considered shameful to move down from the highest positions of honor and command to
Ambition to Rise Through Learning
Many students directed their studies toward mastering the art of writing, hoping to rise to honor and high office through
The Queen’s Final Plea for Mercy
“O brave man, be not cruel to me,” the Old Queen cried out in a trembling voice. She begged for
Titles That Show Absolute Power
The Emperor as God’s Representative on Earth The absolute and unlimited power of the Ottoman Emperor is clearly shown by
Leading Members of the Older Art Society
Among the members of the older Society of Bulgarian Artists, three figures stand out as especially important: Ivan Markvichka, Anton