Military Discipline and the Lives of Ordinary People in the Ottoman Empire
The Burden of Military Campaigns The Ottoman Empire maintained a large and powerful army for many centuries. While military strength […]
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The Ottoman Sultan and the Tradition of Not Marrying
A Unique Rule for the Sultan The author begins by pointing out what he believed was a surprising difference between
The Nakshibendi and Nimetullahi Religious Orders
Praise for the Nakshibendi Order Among the religious orders of the Ottoman world, the Nakshibendi order was highly respected by
Beliefs About Knowing God Among Muslim Sects
Among Islamic scholars, there have been many debates about how humans can know God and who can be considered holy.
The Conquest of Constantinople and the Sultan’s Devotion
It is reported by the Turks that Constantinople was captured on a Wednesday. On the following Friday, which they consider
Covenant with Christians
Muhammad, as a Prophet and Messenger of God, made a special covenant with the Apostles, the faithful saints, and all
The Audience of the Earl of Winchelsea
The Earl of Winchelsea once served as ambassador to the Ottoman Empire on behalf of His Majesty. The audience he
Preventing Early Claims to the Throne
The Ottoman rulers were deeply concerned about the danger of rebellion within the royal family. They feared that if princes
The Sale of the Principality
The additional charges placed upon Wallachia, when the principality was sold every three years, were no less than those required
Honor and Humility in Ottoman Thought
Among the Turks, it was not considered shameful to move down from the highest positions of honor and command to