The Pay and Discipline of the Ottoman Spahis
Discipline and Punishment The Ottoman Empire maintained strict discipline among its elite cavalry, the Spahis. Soldiers who committed serious crimes […]
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Population Government and Rural Life in the Ottoman Empire
Challenges Across a Vast Empire The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and most influential empires in history, stretching
The Third Form of Divorce in the Ottoman Empire
The Most Serious Type of Divorce In this passage, the author describes what he considers the third and most serious
The Dervish Monasteries and Their Travels
Monasteries Across the Ottoman Empire The dervishes maintained monasteries and religious houses in many of the most important cities and
Beliefs About Knowing God Among Muslim Sects
Among Islamic scholars, there have been many debates about how humans can know God and who can be considered holy.
Endowments and Wealth of Turkish Mosques
In summary, the wealth and support of Turkish mosques come from a combination of donations, lands, rents, and charitable gifts.
Fair Taxation
Christians are to be taxed only according to their ability. No one shall pay more than they can afford. Those
The Young French Ambassador Arrives
When the son of the elderly French ambassador arrived at the Ottoman court, he was immediately called to an audience.
Preventing Early Claims to the Throne
The Ottoman rulers were deeply concerned about the danger of rebellion within the royal family. They feared that if princes
The Changing Rule of Transylvania
Transylvania was not completely free from Ottoman pressure, but its situation was somewhat different from that of Moldavia and Wallachia.