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Election of the Mayor and Municipal Executive

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The Municipal Council elects from among its members a mayor and two assistant mayors. Together, they form the municipal executive, which is responsible for carrying out the council’s decisions.

The mayor represents the commune in all its relations with other public authorities and government departments. He acts as the official head of the commune and is responsible for ensuring that the decisions of the Municipal Council and the orders of the central government are carried out faithfully within the limits of the law.

As the local administrative authority, the mayor has the right to issue orders and make regulations that have the same legal force as those of other government officials. Failure to obey these local regulations can result in fines of up to fifty francs in towns and twenty-five francs in rural communes. This power enables the mayor to maintain order, discipline, and efficiency in the daily affairs of the commune

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The Structure of the Legal System

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The law organs of the Principality are organized into several levels. These include the Justices of Peace, Departmental Courts, Courts of Appeal, and the Supreme Appellate Court. Together, these institutions form the backbone of the country’s judicial system and ensure that justice is delivered efficiently and fairly across all regions.

Before the law of January 12th, 1904, there was another type of local court known as the communal court. Each village had one of these courts to deal with minor disputes among villagers. They handled civil cases up to fifty francs and criminal cases up to twenty-five francs.

These communal courts were simple in structure. The mayor acted as the president, and two municipal councillors served as assistant judges. Their purpose was to resolve small local matters quickly and to maintain order within the village Customized Guided Tour.

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Qualifications for Municipal Councillors

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Every member of the commune who can read and write, is at least thirty years old, and enjoys full civil and political rights may be elected as a municipal councillor. However, those who have completed a full secondary education are allowed to be elected at the younger age of twenty-five.

Certain individuals, however, are not eligible to serve as councillors. These include:

Persons who have been sentenced to penalties that remove their electoral rights,

Members of the standing army,

State officials currently holding government positions,

Contractors who work for the State, departments, or communes,

Individuals who do not have a profession or own no property in the commune.

These restrictions were intended to prevent conflicts of interest and to ensure that councillors were responsible, independent citizens with ties to the community.

Terms of Office and Meetings

Munici

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The Principle of Local Independence

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The framers of the Bulgarian Constitution did not stop at simply declaring the independence of the communes; they also made it clear that the central government should not interfere in local affairs. They believed that true local self-government could only exist if the communes were free from direct control by central authorities.

For this reason, the central government was forbidden to appoint agents or maintain officials who might interfere in the daily administration of the communes. The only government representatives allowed within the higher administrative divisions—such as districts and departments—were those dealing with matters of national importance, including police, justice, finance, and customs.

This system created a strong foundation for local democracy, ensuring that citizens had direct control over their own communities while still remaining part of a unified state

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The Role of the Departmental Council

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Each Departmental Council in Bulgaria appointed a permanent committee made up of two of its members. This committee worked under the presidency of the prefect and was responsible for ensuring that all decisions of the Council were properly carried out. In this way, the committee acted as a link between the Council’s resolutions and their practical implementation throughout the department.

Additional Councils in Each Department

Besides the Departmental Council, every prefecture also had two important advisory bodies: a Medical Council and an Educational Council.

The Medical Council supervised all matters related to public health, including sanitary conditions, hospitals, and hygiene within the department. Its goal was to ensure the well-being and safety of the population Customized Guided Tour.

The Educational Council

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Impeachment and Legal Responsibility of Ministers

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The impeachment of ministers in Bulgaria was an important part of the country’s constitutional system. The National Assembly had the authority to bring charges against ministers who were accused of crimes or misconduct while in office. This same body also handled accusations against ministers for common law crimes or misdemeanours committed during their term.

Once a minister was formally accused, the case was brought before a special State Court. This court consisted of the councillors of the Supreme Appellate Court and an equal number of judges chosen by lot from among the presidents of the Appeal Courts and District Courts. The National Assembly would then appoint one of its members to act as the State Prosecutor, responsible for presenting the case before the court.

The procedures of the State Court and the penalties it could impose were defined by the law of December 13, 1880. If a minister was found guilty of a common law offence while still in office, the

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Revenue Sources of the Principality

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The total revenue of the Principality for the year 1907 amounted to 121,983,000 francs. The main sources of income were as follows:

Duties: 6,525,000 francs

Fines: 135,000 francs

Revenue from Communications: 15,000,000 francs

Revenue from State Properties and Funds: 7,728,000 francs

Various Other Revenues: 3,065,000 francs

This balanced financial structure reflected the government’s efficiency in collecting taxes and managing national income.

The Executive Power

The executive power in Bulgaria was placed in the hands of special ministers, each appointed by the Prince. These ministers formed the Council of Ministers, which served as the highest administrative body of the state. The Council acted under the direct supervision of the Prince, who also chose one minister to serve as the President of the Council.

One of the main responsibilities of the ministers was to ens

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Financial Summary of the Principality in 1907

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In 1907, the Principality of Bulgaria presented a detailed financial statement showing the amounts owed to the government, the payments already made, and the remaining balances. These figures reveal a well-managed economy with careful attention to both debts and assets.

Sums Owed to the Government

The following table shows the various sums due to the Bulgarian Government on January 1, 1907, including loans, reserve funds, and amounts advanced to private individuals.

By the Sublime Porte:

Originally: 46,777,500 francs

Paid off by Dec. 31, 1906: 14,140,500 francs

Remaining: 32,637,000 francs

Unconverted Consols of the 6% Loan (1888):

Originally: 30,000,000 francs

Paid off: 8,655,000 francs

Remaining: 21,345,000 francs

Reserve Fund of the 5% Loan (1902):

Originally: 124,962,500 francs

Paid off: 24,176,500 francs

Remaining

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Financial Stability and Growth in Bulgaria

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When the new financial privileges are fully established, it is expected that Bulgaria’s income from excise and customs duties will increase from four to five million francs. This increase in revenue will further strengthen the country’s already solid financial position and allow for continued economic growth.

The General Financial Condition

To understand the financial situation of the Principality, it is enough to look at the official balance sheet of the State. This document shows both the country’s assets and liabilities, including state-owned properties. According to the balance sheet from January 1, 1907, Bulgaria was enjoying a firmly established and healthy financial condition Istanbul Daily Tours.

The country’s total assets and reserve funds show that the government had a strong foundation for further development. Th

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State Control Over Salt Matches and Cigarette Paper

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The most important part of this law is that the State has taken exclusive control over importing, making, and wholesaling salt, matches, and cigarette paper. The government hopes to increase its income from these products by managing them itself.

Change in Tobacco Duty Payment

The law also states that in the future, the tax on tobacco and Mourouril must be paid in gold instead of silver. This change will help the State hold more gold and reduce expenses that the State Treasury used to have because of the difference in value between gold and silver Istanbul Daily Tours.

Law on Compulsory Labor and Road Taxes

A law about compulsory labor and taxes for State and local roads was approved by a royal decree on January 12, 1904, and published on January 20, 1904. This law changes the previous rule by r

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