Land and Naval Service in the Ottoman Military
Soldiers on Land and at Sea The Ottoman Empire maintained both a powerful land army and an important naval force. […]
T42a
Ramadan and the Practice of Giving Charity
The Changing Time of Ramadan The writer explains that the month of Ramadan follows the Islamic lunar calendar rather than
The Followers of the Kalenderi Santon
The Character of the Santon The Santon, or holy man, described in the previous section was known for his strict
Soldiers of Mixed Belief
Among certain sects in the Ottoman Empire, there is a group of people who mix Christianity and Islam in unusual
Superstitions and Magical Beliefs
In Persian culture, it was commonly believed that certain people possessed a strange power in their eyes that could bring
Methods of Spreading the Turkish Religion
Although the Turks outwardly showed tolerance for other religions, their laws allowed them to enforce the Mahometan faith on people’s
Dealing with the Turks
The most effective way for a diplomat to negotiate with the Turks was firmness, consistency, and adherence to established customs.
Fear and Uncertainty in Government
In the Ottoman Empire, it sometimes happened that a man was appointed to govern a province, even though the ruler
The Desolation of Asia and the Strength of the Ottoman Empire
At first sight, it may seem strange to say that the destruction and ruin which the Turks made in their
The Province of Çıldır
The eighth great province of the Ottoman Empire was the government of the Pasha of Çıldır, located on the frontier