The Janissary Agha and the Power of the Janissary Treasury
The Commander of the Janissaries The commander of the Janissary Corps was known as the Janissary Agha (Yeniçeri Ağası). This […]
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Estimating the Size of the Ottoman Army
The Challenge of Counting Soldiers Determining the exact size of the Ottoman army was never an easy task. Historical writers
Bayram Ceremonies at the Ottoman Court
Greetings from the Chief Religious Leaders After the Grand Vizier completed his greeting, the next important person to appear before
The Order of Herewi (Hizrevi)
The Time of Sultan Orhan During the reign of Orhan, the second king of the Turks, who ruled for thirty-five
The Belief in Camel Souls
In Gran Cairo (Cairo), there were many followers of a peculiar belief in the transmigration of souls, similar to the
The Sin of Polygamy
Another serious wrongdoing among you is the practice of one woman being joined to many men. To whom, then, do
The Challenge for Christianity Among the Turks
Christianity faced great difficulties in gaining respect among the Turks. The Turks often viewed Christians as despicable and contemptible, considering
The Ottoman View of the Holy Roman Emperor
The Turks understood that the Holy Roman Emperor alone was not very strong. His own forces, by themselves, were considered
Converts Who Became Zealous Turks
Many of those who converted to Islam did not remain half-hearted believers. Over time, they became fully part of Turkish
Roman Policy on Empire Expansion
Augustus Caesar, one of the wisest and most careful Roman emperors, carefully considered the size and limits of the Roman