The Early Heroes of the Faith
Was not Ebubecher the first to embrace the faith? Was not Omar the brave champion of the Mahometan religion against […]
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Superstitions and Magical Beliefs
In Persian culture, it was commonly believed that certain people possessed a strange power in their eyes that could bring
The Challenge for Christianity Among the Turks
Christianity faced great difficulties in gaining respect among the Turks. The Turks often viewed Christians as despicable and contemptible, considering
Turkish Views of Spain
The Turks paid little real attention to the King of Spain. However, the presence of Spanish exiles in Constantinople, known
Open Profession of the Christian Faith
In spite of tyranny and many clever plans made against it, the Christian faith continued to be openly professed in
Hereditary Succession and Nobility in Ottoman Policy
The Ottoman Empire followed a very different approach to government compared to European monarchies. One of the main policies of
The North African Provinces of the Empire
To this long list of Ottoman governments, one might also add Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli in Barbary. However, these provinces
Origins of the Palace Servants
These servants were rarely the sons of native-born Turks. Instead, they were gathered each year, as previously mentioned, from the
Discipline and Obedience
The Turks believe that those who know how to obey are best prepared to govern. At first, young men in
The Vizier Faces the Janissary Leaders
A Cold and Calculated Reception When the Grand Vizier arrived at the mosque, Bektas Aga did not come forward to